A Comparative Review of Developed and Developing Countries

Dissertation

Topic- A comparative review of developed and developing countries

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Acknowledgment

I'd want to thank my lecturers and supervisors for allowing me to work on my dissertation—A comparative review of developed and developing countries—which has allowed me to do extensive learning and research.

They have had a huge impact on my life, for which I am grateful.

Second, I'd like to thank my co-workers, friends, and family for assisting me in completing the project in such a short amount of time.

It helps me to broaden my skill set, abilities, and knowledge.

Thank you to everyone who has helped me along the way with my dissertation.

Abstract

The analysis was based on a comparative analysis of the developing and developed countries and found that SMEs have made a substantial contribution to the global economy's development, both in terms of GDP contribution and job creation. SMEs have played a significant role in the growth of various countries, as they make up a significant portion of industrial activity in both established and emerging economies. Taiwan and Japan, for example, are two countries where dynamic SMEs are driving economic growth. In addition, the fastest expansion is accompanied by rapid SME growth. Many more countries may brag about robust SMEs driving their economic progress. Many more countries may be able to brag about their booming small businesses. Small and medium-sized businesses will be the emphasis of the paper. The relevance of SMEs in both developed and developing countries for economic growth Developmental countries The criteria are also in charge of long-term stability. The expansion of small and medium-sized businesses will be closely scrutinized. Continuing the investigation into SMEs in the United States, as a result, a comparison will be made between developed and emerging economies. A comparative examination is supported by gap analysis.

The main purpose of this research is to acquire a better knowledge of the similarities and differences in issues and ICT innovation implementation across industrialized and developing countries. Breakthroughs in information and communication technologies (ICTs) have brought in a plethora of new information system innovations (IS). Despite general agreement on the importance of such breakthroughs to an organization's success, the processes for implementing such innovations are complex and require careful attention to several problems and challenges.

List of Figures

Chapter 1 - Introduction

The report is discussing about One of the prerequisites for long-term development is sustainable consumption and production. Sustainable consumption and production in developing and established countries demands a diverse focus due to differences in economic situations and socio-cultural aspects. Few attempts have been made to compare the state of sustainable consumption and production, as well as its future trajectory, from the perspectives of developing and established economies. This report presents a review of works for sustainable production and consumption that were published in the journals of the international scientific between the year 1998 and year 2018, inclusive. Developing countries are likely to upkeep a critical role in an energy transition because to hold a majority of the remaining renewables that are potential and because electricity requirements under the area of developed and developing countries are expected to triple in the coming future. Its economies and energy systems can make big transformations faster and easier than their industrialized counterparts because of their size and energy systems.

Technologies that help developing countries make an energy transition:

The lowering values of the clean-energy technologies like solar and wind, together with it with a momentum that is produced by SDGs that is the Sustainable Development Goals, are accelerating the transition to renewable energies future. Wind and solar energy, as previously said, are at the heart of this transition. The majority of renewable energies are the capacity and investments additions that are likely to come from developing countries in the next years, as most of the undeveloped resources are located. Energy transitions is appearing to be multi-dimensional transformational processing with the ability to significant alterations of the social structure. While the advancement under the technology allows for a rapid energy transition, that has new items and technologies which now demand cultural and organizational modifications to encourage renewable energy adoption and expansion. The interrelationships between energy research and social science are explored in this part, which acknowledges the socio-technical aspects of energy transitions.

Aim of the report

The aim of the report is to-

Performing the comparative analysis of the developing and developed.

The researching methods of developing and developed countries.

The rationale behind the comparative analysis on the developed and developing countries.

The International Competition Network and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. While these powerful officials have taken efforts to create a policy that is as coherent as possible, they will always have flaws.

To find the relative youth of competition legislation in many developing nations, these countries have adopted a competition policy based on the demands and unique interests of developed countries.

To investigate the role of commercial activities, attitudes, and aspirations, per capital GDP. It looks at whether entrepreneurship is valued differently in high-income and middle-income nations (Brooks, et, al, 2021).

Objectives

The objective of the report is to perform the data collection of the various developed and developed counties, also to investigate the research questions related to the research that has been performed in the dissertation, to find the research methods that has been used for analyzing and to perform the comparative analysis of the data of the developed and developing countries, to perform the data analyzing of the various countries data to evaluate the discussion and the findings of the report.

Research questions

1. Define the degree to which the current quality of life in developed and developing countries may be assessed?

2. What factors influence developed and emerging countries' incomes?

3. Determine the country's advancement based on age, personality, ethnicity, gender, and socially developed traits such as health, type of work, unemployment, and education?

4. How many people devote their time to working hours, commuting, caring for others, community involvement and volunteering, fitness, and religious activities?

5. Income disparity, unemployment, inflation, the public insurance and the system welfare, degrees of democracy, the natural and climate environment, security, and deprivations under the urbanization area (Guerrero, et, al, 2021).

6. Determinants that might impact an individual level of the comparative analysis of the developed and developing countries.

Rationale

The report's rationale is to attain the global trade market. Markets in developing nations are characterized by a wide range of flaws. The product markets are characterized by a wide range of flaws. Monopolies, oligopolies, and other forms of imperfect markets characterize product marketplaces. Firms with a lot of market power can impact price by limiting their output in certain market configurations. When enterprises enjoy greater returns to scale, they are more likely to use their market dominance.

The markets' prices are not reflecting their social values and are set towards the marginal cost of productions, resulting in less than optimal output for the social good. Prices of vital goods like milk, cement, steel, soaps, and products related to petroleum like gasoline, LPG, and diesel must be regulated by the government. Furthermore, the Competition Commission must guarantee that mergers do not result in the development of cartels or monopolies.

In addition, developing nations have imperfect factor markets, which means that factor prices do not reflect the social opportunity cost. Labor is overpriced and compensated at a higher rate than its productivity due to trade union pressure. On the other hand, capital is discounted concerning its scarcity value to provide incentives to investors, such as through various tax cuts and the Central Bank of developing countries' lower interest rate policies. Because of the overvaluation of labor and the undervaluation of capital, capital-intensive production techniques are used, resulting in a rise in labor unemployment. Similarly, a developing country's national currency's foreign exchange rate may be overvalued, discouraging exports while encouraging imports, causing the balance of payments challenges.

As can be seen from the examples, imperfections in developing countries' product, factor, and foreign exchange markets lead to an economic inappropriateness and the Pareto non-optimality, preventing them from achieving maximum social value. The motive of economic efficiency has to accomplish, that has the case for the government's planning and role to eliminate its price distortions.

Chapter 2 - Literature Review

According to the author, there are many issues, challenges, works, subjects that every country is facing day by day. The main point for the country is automation, especially agriculture automation. It is seen that the population of the country is increasing day by day at a very rapid rate because of which it has become important to increase the productivity in the country. So there is more need for food due to the increase in population, the necessity of resources and many more things. Only the methods that are used by farmers like farming, agriculture, animal feeding, and other traditional methods are not enough to fulfill all the needs of the people that are surviving in the country. There are many more automation works like machine learning, IoT, etc. Every year lot of diseases and problems cause infection to plants, crops, fields, and manure. So to prevent these infections there is a requirement of pesticides and control in increasing population. In short, the population needed to be controlled to stop such things that are affecting the country.

In the view of the author, the world is becoming a digital world human brains are working at a very smart speed which is taking a step forward to make the country a developed country. Artificial Intelligence is used to make machines that are very useful for workers and made their work very easy. This is how technology is growing day by day and making things easy the survival. It includes the learning of machine parts, mechanism and machine things. There are some methods like artificial neural networks, expert systems, and some more. This is how machine learning can help people and countries to grow and make it a developed. In the era of computer science, the world is making more technology and getting advanced in the era of sciences and communication. Machine learning helps in building smart machines. The increase in the need for food is increasing with the increase in demand for resources as well as the rate is also getting high as per the requirements. It is well known that India is rich in sources of food crops. Countries are giving their best in making the best use of resources and making better use of resources. As long as the human population will increase the need for agriculture and agricultural products will keep on increasing day by day. Farming nowadays has achieved a lot of importance in today’s world. The population needs to be controlled so that there is less use of products. An increase in Population has demanded a lot of agricultural products. By keeping this in mind resources should be used and properly used in less quantity. There are not only positive things that farmers face there are many negative things as well. The loss in production of crop fields causes problems that are faced by farmers. Some problems are such which cannot be taken for granted like control of pesticide, lack of irrigation purposes, facilities related to drainage, management of weed system and more. Artificial intelligence and machine learning are related to each other as both help in a good income for the country. these are the things which help in good production of the country and help people in earning their income and feed themselves by fulfilling their basic needs like cloth, shelter, water, and, home. Technologies based on the computer are also increasing day by day and supporting in having a good income. It is well known that nowadays even for educational purposes computer is making great progress and helped in the development of the technology and machines. By using machines work is done easily and can be done by less labor so it is very necessary to have good machines so that there is more development of society and progress in every field.

As mentioned by the author, many techniques are used in the improvement of agriculture purposes. Only artificial intelligence-based products are easier and better to use. It is more feasible than any other technique. It can give a solution to many problems and help in development. There are many advantages and disadvantages of artificial intelligence and machine learning as it costs more than natural machinery. So keeping this in mind there should be an appropriate use of everything. There are also artificial systems that can predict and forecast weather reports, temperature. So there are many benefits of machining products. This is how agriculture is necessary for certain purposes. Forecasting is done to get data by predicting the report and showing it on the scales of timing. This is how everything has a bright and dark side. Cotton crop is a system developed for operations.

As discussed by the author, with the help of artificial intelligence, the world is growing day by day but on the other side, the population is also increasing which is causing a lot of problems. Production of cotton crops has also increased because of which an expert system was developed. Many studies were found in the last years and many countries have participated in making the country developed as Dehradun has helped in estimating the Et from the research center of forest institute. The importance of ANN was seen by India in many techniques. Several methods of the algorithm were applied like the Penaman Monteith method and many more were applied which were used in algorithms. For the stability of estimation of ET number of layers were increased that were hidden inside. To avoid fewer errors in work as it is important to have fewer mistakes for any work so the method of error is chosen and was applied so that production can be worse. The MatLab was the thing that was used for the designing of the ANN model. ANN model is the method of very simple human systems which is related to neurology. It has units that are almost the same as the units of the nervous system that was studied in biology and it is known as artificial neurons. Mainly three layers are studied in the ANN model that is output, input, and hidden. With the help of this model, it becomes easy to learn machine subjects as well as machine learning and also how to recognize the pattern. There are many benefits of Artificial neural networks and the main benefits are that they can forecast and predict the base of parallel reasoning. It is seen that ANN can extract weeds from crops and for water resources variable forecasting as well. It can even predict the nutrition level of the crop. Traditional ES was facing problems when it was being implemented. With the help of ANN, we can solve all such glitches. This system is based on a computer with a single chip. Talking about the prediction method, ANN is been proven best of all all-time. To solve the massive problem of the formation of frost in Sicily island’s field a model has been developed using neural networks. Firstly, Raw data is fed in the model like humidity, precipitation, wind direction, temperature, cloud cover. Then, binary data is been made by the raw data which was been gathered. Divide this data into two strings. A new network named back-propagation was used as a neural network predictor. Initially, the model trained and developed the sets of ten trials. Prediction of frost became more efficient because now it is taking a range of parametrical values rather than single values. To increase the production of cotton two expert systems are introduced.

Total algorithms were six that are estimated. It was recognized that this model was very useful for irrigation and the management of water. A method to save the weed from crops was introduced. There were many methods like wireless systems were explored for agriculture purposes. It is not easy for any sector to go with the flow of time, and agriculture is such a sector that has to face the outcomes of time and new inventions that take place in the growing world and the world of production with more technologies that are implemented worldwide day by day. This is the major problem that is faced by the agriculture sector. Agriculture intelligence involves some methods like management of crops through machines and new technologies, smart method of the greenhouse effect, and smart methods of irrigation. Any nation needs to use such factors and new methods of technology as many of them are not known about these factors. There was also a disease that is caused due to grapes, any change in the plant of the grape is seen after it caused the infection. Many sensors were employed such as temperature, the wetness of the leaf, and humidity. Data to the database is sent by the sensors like temperature and humidity. These sensors help detect data which is used for many predicts as there is a network in artificial intelligence which is used for prediction purposes only. A server named Zigbee is connected to the sensors. Three devices of this Zigbee server are named as co-coordinator, router, and end device which carry different functions with them. The main causes of grape disease by the temperature, humidity, and wetness of the leaf servers to farmers. It is mainly used to protect the plants and crops from diseases and adopt pesticides and manuals to cure these diseases. For the growth of paddy crops, a method was adopted and also for yield increment. It is even not a costly tool and most working method. For the sensing of natural gases and humidity testing in the environment. To measure the level of moisture in the soil a soil sensor for monitoring is used. There are many communication systems developed between system and device. An irrigation system was implemented in Turkey, Ankara due to which less amount of moisture is seen, and low stress on temperature. There are three units valve, sensor, and base unit. Solar panels are also a new technology that is invented to save electricity and is very useful for the environment. It is very beneficial for the whole system that helps in the improvement of irrigation purposes. These units help in the system for development. Sensors are used for sensation purposes. This method was proved to be successful in the measures of cost, production, and results. It reduces the rate, it is sensible and easy to make the developed nation. It is also used for transport purposes, for the transportation of pesticides and fertilizers. The world is looking forward to more sensors so that it is easy to measure certain things. Methods of sprinkle and drip irrigation were applied on the fields after the correct testing of the materials and problems that are causing the production of the field. More methods are being launched so that there is a decrease in human work or labor. On the internet, many new methods are found which make it easy to do things in less time and less energy consumption. Internet of Things is a network that is used to transfer things and look for new technologies. These technologies also relax the farmers from the excessive work that they do in a day and help them to ease their workload. Devices are used to transfer data from one corner to another. IoT is a method to develop smart farming methods and give less labor. Communication standards are changed that is because of wireless communication in today’s world and it can even help in raising the standards of agriculture automation. IoT has made its place in different fields like sensors, actuators. Communication has advanced very much that can be beneficial for automation. This is how the world and diversity are increasing day by day and is useful for many people that can ease their work and change the methods of working and can make them more advance.

Few more soil methods include weeding, spraying, and animal scaring. For the temperature analysis also a method is proposed. Thermal imaging is a technique that is used for the analysis of agricultural fields. Thermal imaging is used in the agricultural sector which is used in irrigation to make it more beneficial and improved in the techniques used. A new technique was invented by an author to make use of the robot in the fields of agriculture. The robot is used to spray, sprinkle, and dropping of water in the fields so that there is no loss or damage to the crops by crows and insects. And now even those diseases can be cured by the use of pesticides. This is how robot helps in irrigation purposes. As automation is required for every purpose, especially in the humans become more efficient and useful. Nowadays, the systems related to clouds are increasing in the way that there is a need for detection in the automation field that can predict the weather reports. Many sites help the farmers to increase their application in the way to help the environment. Farmers play a major role as they can help in calculating the data and control the machines through automation and computer systems. There is a method called the spray method that controls the increase in diseases by using pesticides in a specified amount. A pH meter is used to calculate the percent of things in the soil. An automatic system was used to control the attack of insects on the plants, fields, and crops that are grown in the fields. There are many more systems implemented to measure the sustainability of the land. Farmers also use these methods to make their work easier and quicker. It determines the slope, color, and texture of the soil. Research on these was done in the villages. Some more methods are developed like land leveling.

As in India and china population is increasing day by day and people are facing a lot of shortages in water, food and many don’t have shelter to live in. In the process of agriculture, water is used in very high quantity. Water is also used in pipelines and other works. Even there is a problem of water wastage, as water is wasted in very high amount by people and more water is used in irrigation. Companies in a large section have developed very high-quality irrigation systems. Methods are developed so that less water is wasted and more water is consumed for livelihood purposes. The systems have also developed so that water pollution is also controlled and problems that are caused because of water shortage are solved.

There should be an optimal use of everything by seeing the population that is increasing day by day and measures are taken for the irrigation purposes. Nowadays artificial intelligence has made its growth all over the world which is very useful. Many methods have opted which have advantages and disadvantages but can solve the problems that are causing mismanagement in the system due to which some countries are still not developed. So to reduce human work, agricultural techniques are invented more.

According to the author the literature review has been performed on - A comparative review of developed and developing countries' environmental contamination is because of the solid waste managing that is appearing to be an issue. An open burning and open dumping is a key execution to treat the waste and to have the final disposal system that is visible under the low-income countries. The report reviews the key effect of managing the waste in the developed and developing countries, which focuses on social issues and environmental contamination. Also, the key activity of informal sectors is developing under the cities that have been reviewed that are used to focus on the threats related to waste hunting. Certain outcomes have been reported that has an environmental impact at the pervasive worldwide level they are stated as air, water contamination, soil, and marine litter also the direct interactions of the waste pickers that have the harmful which is appearing to be a major issue of the developed and the developing countries. It is the review that is used to assess the global problems in the different waste fractions that have several sources of pollution which impact the population health, sustainable development, and the environment. It has been reviewed that the global sustainable development goals are providing an evidence-based framework for performing the sustainable development, and to leads to an emerging practice for the reviewing and for assessing. The regular systematic review of the national approach is used to implement the SDGs for ensuring the knowledge effectively while informing the national practices. As per the state's record, the report is reviewing the SDGs of the 26 countries. While making use of the systematic method for analyzing a degree that has the recommended adoption and applying over the national grounds. The review of the study also highlights the planning stage of the developing countries. The developed countries have sustainable production and consumption that is used to identify some of the key components related to sustainable development. With the various socio-cultural factors, economic conditions one can have differentiated economies. Within this, it is needed to have the exact status of the production and the consumption with the following perspective of the developed and the developing countries.

According to an author, the Internet of things is appearing to be an actuality under the developing countries. An IoT has becoming to be an innovative field, for expanding the requirements of them under the common fields, and to demanding IoT-based technologies that are used to manage some of the communication devices that are appearing to be the emerging ones. Various of the Internet of things is the link to the several individual's devices that has to perform in the wireless sensor networks as the key role. Certain things have to be stated with embedded devices that depend on the microcontroller also which can receive or transmit the information. Also in the review, this kind of device is quite low in resources, memory, and power. Although the community of the research has identified the key necessary of an Internet of things devices as an operating system. It has an appropriate operating system with the kernel real-time capability, and with the effective networking that makes the device working quite flexible. Certain kind of reviewing provides detailed comparisons of an Operating system that is designed for an Internet of devices which is based on the schedule methods, networking technologies, memory managing approach, programming models that has some other features which are required for an Internet of things applications. While seeing with the context of the developed countries it has the challenges, various applications, case report in the IT field for taking the research discussion. It is appearing to be quite an interesting time for the power system and to have the changes in the ground-breaking that happens on a simultaneous basis. With the expansion of the global consensus that is appearing to be rise with the effect of the renewable energy that is based on the transitions of the environmentally friendly working with electric vehicles to liberalize the market of electricity, and to make the distaste utility-based company. Certain kind of modifications has introduced the new paradigm with effective power system activities. Under this the generation enters with the involvement of the developing countries to perform the distributed networks, liberalizing market and the renewable introducing of intermittency for the available assets. Certain challenges are needed to make certain kinds of storing of the developed viable power operations. the countries have various types of storage systems from their different costing, potential applications, and operation features. While to know its vital role for the future designing under the short term of the transient operations or the long basis production planning. It has the regarding state of art that is used to review the cutting edge for performing the research-based prototypes. Depending on some of the application field-based capacities, operation characteristics, and architectures that are used to identify the fields. Majorly the research fields of the developing countries have been related to an energy storage system that affects the future of the power system.

Figure 1: Critical COVID Factors

According to the author, an application that has intelligence in the developed countries has to compel the industries and the scholars to develop the countries that are under process. Thus it has the terminologies that are used to function quite smart and has an intelligent working manner that is used to apply it under some of the paradigms for making it quite effective for the practitioners. The IM and SM that is not identical (Chan, et, al, 2018). With the perspective of an evolutionary that has to consider for making the technical concepts related to the IM or SM in the literature consistent. Thus to address the gap and to perform the working one has to perform the quantitative and qualitative research for comparing the inherent of the IM and SM that is used to clarify among the IM and SM. One has to develop and make the research for trends it for further research. The steps have to make an evolutionary path, definitions, and the key technologies of an IM and SM. One has to maintain execution of the standards, architecture, and the major focus of the problems. Under this work, it has the basic that is to understand an IM and SM that is rising the trend that is to merge the terminologies for increasing an industry that has to rapidly increase the human cyber-physical system. One has to maintain the quality of the water that has certain indicators for defining and to base the biological, chemical, and certain parameters for selecting the uses.

The developing countries named as Africa that has the current with an adoption, valuation, and implementation of the water for the conservation of an ecosystem and to manage the quality of the water with the management it with some practices. Certain conditions have to strength up that has the consumption and to entreating it for rising the rivers.

Some of the loose deposits have to particulate the matter which has to accumulate and retain the pipes. With the distributing of the water that has to suspend certain particles that may perform the loose deposit that has to flow the turbulence which might result from it into the flowing features. With the effect of the pipe material and the geometry that is to handle the wider portion of the water quality and pollution that is used to energize it with certain efficiency (Muhammad, 2021). The pipes are used for promoting the microbial synthesis of the water distribution network that is used to thereby and to rise the microbial loading of water. It also attributes to a fault plumb system that has to spread it with the noteworthiness’ for accumulating the loose deposits and to develop it with the over of a time and to show the significance that might impact and to manifest it with the preliminary phase (Ferronato, et, al, 2019). With the use of age to have the conveyance system that has to play the role under the accumulation for the loose depositing. Under this one has to perform the magnetic treating that can be reported to reduce the scale formations and then to carbonate the deposits of the pipe.

Figure 2: Poverty alleviation of developing countries

Certain waste is unavoidable also they are unwanted for the material to result from it from the human operations. that is used to produce it for the animal habitat. Also, it is taken as the refusal of the uselessness and worthlessness of the stuff that is discarded and is no longer amongst to have an individual locality also that is separated within the liquid, gas, or solid. The SW is comprised of garbage, solid materials, and refuses that is discarded. Then it involves the SW from the municipal waste, electronic and agricultural waste which also involves the commercial and household activities (Kim, et, al, 2021).

It has a comprehensive legislative framework that is used to govern an absence of the comprehensive and efficient legislative framework that is used to govern the SW sector, which is coupled with an inadequate enforcing mechanism, that are used to create the gaps in the SWM. As per the study, it has to show some of the developing countries that are not having any kind of financial support and that lacks human and an organizational capacities, the developing countries that has not monitoring mechanism and cannot check the wate that can be produce with the planning of the several district, regional, and the country level holistically. With the upgradation of the technology device like the GIS, RFID, and an international radio packet services which has to develop and to monitoring the collection of the trucks and bins. Although the technology has to been develop for the developing countries that has become the high cost. also it has the essential phase and the aspect of an entire technology that is related to the SWM and is consider for the countries.

However, some kind of developing countries is required to facilitate the effective collection and to discard the SW that is not capable to handle the most developing countries. The SWM is used to sustain the support of the formal awareness and education. According to an author, the education sector is much unidirectional to transfer the information and to increase environmental awareness, skills, and the attitudes for making actions of an affirmative environmental. SW sustainability is used to achieve it with an effective education of an environmental study. The various scholars are involved under the SWM that is used to report segregation of the waste, that is used to serve the channel for its sustainability of the SWM that does not use for the well maintaining the developing countries. The municipalities of the developed countries are used to sort the practice at the partial level for making some of the predictive factors of the behaviour. As per stating and with the records it has been finding out that in the developing countries the females are appearing to be the more active with the waste separation while comparing to the males it has been found in the survey of the scholars. Report of the similar authors has to indicate that the 2/3^rd of a sorted waste that is used in the developing countries has been perform as per the elderly records and the no divination ha the small amount of the age range that is between the 5 to 17, almost the one-third of an isolated waste has been performing by the population between the age of the 18-39. The report that has been prepared with the survey of the statistical department of South Africa that is the developing country it has been finding out that the young adults that are between the age of 18 to 24 years are shown far than the lower percentage of the sorting. It has been realized that the families whose heads are older have to be considered in the good environmental behaviour that it comes to sorting the waste from any kind of source. Within the developing countries the SW that has the sustaining and managing the attitude changes that are towards the waste managing and to increase the skills of the segregation of the waste from a source that is used to decline the landfill issues. The SWM sustainability can be realized under the middle or lower-income countries with the rigorous formal environmental education sector that is to close the gap inside the waste awareness among the youth and elderly of the developing countries, the SWM takes to the first hypothesis under the report stated,

The report is reviewed to permit and to conclude the SWM high awareness and the positive attitude. It shall have some perceptions that might influence the participation or practice of the SWM that might lead to SWM sustainability or environmental. The report is to review the examining an impact of the environmental awareness in the developing countries, ecological literacy and that is between the middle of the education that is used to found the differences. The review has been performed that is used to indicate an environmental literacy that does not have a statistically significant effect in the sector of the study. Most of the countries have to perform the SWM practices that have to correspond to the effect of the high awareness and the waste participation for making the practice sustainable and to find the alarming. The study is indicating the attitude and awareness to solve the SWM environmental issues or the problems that do not alter significantly. Some of the changes have to modify the practical education and the changes in the perception for maintaining the social responsibilities and some of the incentives with the rewards of the motivation (Balliester, et, al, 2018).

According to an author, developing countries correlate with environmental awareness and attitude of environmental problems. It is used to imply the attitude and skills that might regulate the environmental operations. Thus, the students have to make modifications related to environmental skills and attitudes that might lead to the participation of the CP and to maintain the environment quite sustainably. Thus it is used to find the broad level of attitude towards the SWM that cannot reflect. Some of the evidence related to the report for demonstrating and solving the environmental issues. Secondly, it has to review and to bring out the findings that are used to highlight the opposite position of the report- profound some of the skills of the SWM or to low down environmental skills, with the students that are used to maintain the environmental issues or the waste managing. The low education might lead to making certain probable changes towards solving environmental anxiety and being aware of sustainability. The people with the more expanding of an education related to the concerning about and to engage related to protect it with an environment. It has a vital role in commencing the movement of the push authorities that is used to bind the type and to find the declination in the greenhouse gases and to control the emission of the levels, that can affect the climate change and to the global environment. Although the behavioral changes have to necessarily affect the attitudinal modifications. Thus it is used to lacking environmental skills or the low level of the SWM skills that might discourage adoption of the pro-environmental alterations. The correlation algorithm among the environmental attitude and knowledge has significant positive outcomes. Although the student deficiency has to create environmental awareness in developing countries. It is appearing to be the lack of practice making some of the sustainable environmental skills that might affect the technical scholars to encourage the changes towards the sustainability. It is used to imply some of the clean environment that is used to maintain the sustainability of the developing countries. Thus, the education sector has to develop the environmental skills for increasing the equipped and to make an essential detail, that helps in achieve in making them effective and sustainable the environmental sector.

However, the study has to reveal the distinct of the SWM attitude, practices, and the awareness that is connected to age and education. It is found to understand the issues that are related to an environmental issue and to solve the attitude towards solving the sustainability issues that are connected to the educational field, age, and the geographical areas of the various countries. The report has to focus on the younger members that are used to experiencing and to receive some information regarding the SWM. Although some of the outcomes are related to the environmental attitude of the developed and developing countries. It is used to suggest the environmental attitude, the awareness that is used to commit the sustainability for achieving overall sustainability (Wu, et, al, 2021).

According to an author, the study reviews the lower level of the students that is used to knowledge the results of the effective understanding for solving environmental problems at the level of its effectiveness. The review implies the lack of an environmental skills between the strong impact of the execution of the education sector that is used to understand the SWM relationship among the skills and sustainable environmental practices.

The report is used to establish some of the environmental skills that influence the agreement of the second hypothesis. The faculties of the education sector that has the practical environmental skills that impact the positive attitude to contribute the environmental sustainability. It is used to highlight the factors of the education of the developing countries that are not facilitating the technologies for knowledge management and studies (Wang, et, al, 2019).

Certain analyzing has been performed to bring the suitable outcomes and to conclude it while playing an essential role in the sector of sustainability and education, also supports in transforming the context of the developing countries. It has an absence of the environmental education that is used to develop the countries which are used to the case by the lack of its effectiveness and that is required to serve the curricula for responding to the issues of the current environment. The environmental problems that are pursued in the developed countries have to solve by developing curricula operations that can bring a certain positive impact on the environment. Although the lack of teachers has a huge influence on environmental knowledge to understand environmental sustainability. It is used to consider the principles of integration of human operations. According to the author it has to show some positive awareness and attitudes of environmental issues into the developing countries, that has the active participation or the facilitating the environmental education that can lead to some support in an environmental program like the prevention and conservation of an environment to recycle and not to available inside the developing countries.

The review of the report has the findings that are to clarify and to modify the challenges and problems of the SWM environmental problems of the developed and the developing countries to protect it from the SWM sustainability within the developing countries. Few barriers have the inexistence or lack of the finances that are used to promote the sustainability and an absence to train the teachers for its sustainability issues also to make aware about the interests in the sustainability of the country for the improvement. It suggests that the SWM has to overcome with the education to make the certain agencies capable for the financial support to increase the cleaner production also an effective development.

For being capable to gain the future sustainability of the developing countries the teachers and the education has to be the sustainable developing that is quite an essential factor for the upcoming generational heads. Thus the teachers have to be scalably related to the awareness, attitude, and the knowledge towards the sustainable development that has to enhance it with such as- conferences, workshops, and with some other capacities that are used to build information for enhancing the sustainable training that is used to build the information can transform the students quite practically develop for the future stainabilities. Some of the financial constraints on its financial activities have certain policies linked to an environmental sustainability that has to focusing the developing countries. Administration, shareholders, and some institutions become a duty to invest under the schools for the sustainable improvement of the students for the future development into the developing countries also for the future sustainable improvement that is used to participate in the operations for the greener production. The review has been performed to make the positive contribution that is used to develop the managerial implications within the sustainable improvement of the countries with the synthesis providing of current evidence of the topic, that can be used at the municipal level and the local administration. As per the research conducted several studies have been demonstrating the SWM managers that help in making the effective decision making that is to insert it into an integrated framework.

Figure 3: Sustainable development

According to the author, the countries in the development process have to introduce the analysis that is based on the quality of any organization in the education sector. Education quality is affected by institutional quality because of channels being explored by the literature review. Sample from approximately 82 countries that are developing is covered by empirical analysis. Least squares are used to obtain important results and some least-squares of stage two results in the quality based on an institution which is proved to be beneficial for students in achieving goals and completing school and has less effect on failure of the education system. There is deterioration in the quality of institutional organization leading to the instability of political organization and corruption. Due to the effect of some channels, there is a negative effect on the quality of education preventing the public from investing in educational organizations, some effect is due to wrong methods of teaching by unskilled persons or untrained persons.

Smoke through burning is a major issue that is affecting human lives covering the part of some residents. People are facing problems from the smoke produced while burning to cause smell from waste that is decomposed. The condition becomes worse during the rainy season causing insect diseases and infections in the area.

There are three main data such as Science Web, Direct of Science, and Scopus. These are the main words used in the reference to the problems concerning the waste that is solid in many countries which are still developing, hence combining the main words solid waste and countries that are developing till now with- risk in the health of people, burning waste openly, dumping waste in open, types of pollution, wastes from the industry, litter from the marine, and many more. Newspapers written in the English language are only considered. Some articles that are analyzed from the year 2000 – 2019, articles overviewed only in February and January in the year 2019. Some articles only focused on the contaminated regions in America and some more countries like Africa, middle east. Some of the cases studied are discussed in countries that are developed.

Figure 4:Ssuccess factors

In the countries that are developing, the management worsens of SW causing the spread of diseases. The major issue is caused by waste burning. In open and dumping in sites. The situation worsens more in slum regions more diseases due to uncontrolled traffic and high population. Some issues are widely spread like contamination of the air, disease vector, and some more. In Banjul, some dumping areas are present in large population areas. It has a bad effect on visitors and people living there. Mainly smoke is an issue that is produced from burning of rubbish. The situation gets worse in the rainy season. Some water bodies get contaminated with waste and dumpsites. Wells are also affected due to more coliform. These wells are used by people living nearby, who may get infected due to this coliform. In some cities of Cambodia, where the system named MSWM is used still it lacks regulation and results in household burning, there were 361000.00 tons and 635000.00 tons that got dumped. About 60% of SW disposal is carried out using the open dumping method, in Thailand. There are some important sites for disposal that are closed because of odor.

To the official site of the dump, transportation of MSW takes place. The area covers 17.0 ha, having heights of 15.0 m. Some common issues are open firing, waste ignition that is carried by 500 or more pickers that collect waste. There are many harmful factors leading to the harmful environment and health of the population, one of them is HW. HW means the waste that is generated with health regarding facilities. the waste that originates from minor sources, includes health regarding waste. The most used method is open dumping of HW carried in countries that are still developing, to prevent infection it is suggested by people to sterilize HW. The low cost is the reason to use the open dumping method to reduce infections. Some disease like HW gets transmitted to the human body by contact, inhalation, or ingestion. To lower the waste burning process is carried.

Figure 5: GDPC data

Some elements are required to implement SDG that including setting some goals and focusing on targets to recognize interlinkages. Different scales are used to analyze some quantifications.

It has the Operation of the Dual model that is achieved by the stack switching. When it comes to having the application under the area of a user then it would be used for the first stack. Although it has a system that is interrupted and called with the stack modifications to a kernel stack. Under this, the dual-mode might lay open the memory overhead that is used for the constrained sensor node which is for the kernel stacks. That is used to achieve the memory for the RETOS that is used to maintain the single kernel stack for the system. Early to return the users mode, that is used to perform the thread switching and that has to assign the kernel which is used to perform.

An application code checking in the RETOS that provides the application is based on the code that is used to check the mechanism. It has a mechanism that is used to support the static check and the dynamic check. However, with the static code that is used to validate the immediate or to direct and to address certain instructions. Thus it has the dynamic checking that is used to take care of the verification for accurate usage of indirect addressing. Under this, it has to perform the instructions that can impact the buffer overrunning that is used to checks the return instructions.

That is used to restrict the accessing of memory for the application of a user, which has the mechanism which is used to protect an application’s memory accessing it to inspect the machine instructions.

The source filed instructions: that might come in to examine and to protect the memory accessing, the kernel reading, hardware manipulation, and to have another data reading.

According to an author; has the report is used to investigate the benefits of the geographical indications for a sustainable improvement of the handicraft communities in developing countries. It is used to explore the problems that are faced by the developing countries that regard the GI legislation and it suggests certain policies that are used to address identified problems for an improvement of the sustainable development under the stream of the handicraft workers. As per the stated report, it has the exploratory that has to review some of an empirical and the theoretical that involves the policy documents. It has the secondary data that is at the world level used for the handicraft GIs for providing the evidence that is related to an empirical for implementing the GI legislation into the developing countries. The study argues to prevent the GIs from having some potential benefits that not only include the economic but also the socio in the terms of an environmental and the cultural. The case scenario has the case of the handicrafts that are besides some of the economic benefits like the price premium, quality assurance, the profit, and the sales increase. In developing countries, the GI supports the improvement of the local communities with the production of the local authorities with the employment opportunities producing, and to develop the living situation, the social cohesion, and the poverty alleviation. The GI leads to plays an effective role in elevating, preserving, and to promoting cultural traditions. Later on, the GI supports the sustainable and biodiversity uses of raw materials. Sometimes the unprecedented economic and health crisis in developing countries has to aggravate existing development challenges. The authorities that have to respond and maintain the capacities quite constraining. According to the author, an OECD authority has an international community that needs to unlock and protect it while containing the risk and to be the resources mobilized.

Figure 6: Year-wise condition of developing countries

According to the author, it is stated solid waste management is appearing to be the biggest problem because of an expansion of the diversity of the water characteristics and because of lack of effective execution of the consistent waste policies that is accompanied by the changes that are taken into the lifecycle, the expanded rapid urbanization and the production processes. till the stated data certain scholars have found that the comparative analysis has been performed of the SW management in the developing, lesser developed, and the developed countries. And for filling that gap one has to review and aim in analyzing the SW management practices that are into the lesser developed, developed, and developing countries as per the data of 2005 to 2015. While to review from the number of scientific journals the resources, conservation, recycling that has been covering both qualitative and the quantitative data that is used to bring out some experience from the review of the developed countries that is used to develop the SW management quite effective with the working of the developing and the developed countries. Some of the findings have been brought with the comparative reviewing that is indicating the SW management into the developing and the lesser developed countries which is not inefficient and established. Also, the key problems that have to be identified that lack the of cooperation between the institutional structural weaknesses, shareholders, the lack of legislated recycling, uncoordinated approaches. Thus the study is also providing some of the critical aspects that can be useful for the policy and in making some of the decisions with the help of the decision-makers in the development, designing, and in making the implementation and adjustments that are efficient for the SW management system in the lesser developed and the developing countries (Jia, et, al, 2018).

According to the author, the study is also identifying some critical factors which are influencing an acceptance of e-learning with the system adoption into the developing countries. Electronic learning is appearing to be the popular mode that is used for delivering educational materials under the high education by the universities around the world. Also, the study is identifying multiple factors which are influencing the e-learning success that helps in comparing relative importance between the two shareholders that are grouped into the developing countries, faculty, and ICT experts. As per the research it has been brought out that the gathered about the 76.0 usable answers while using the Analytic hierarchy process and the Delphi method. Outcomes have revealed the 20 critical successes and the 6 dimension factors for improving e-learning in developing countries. Some of the findings have been illustrated the key necessity of the curriculum that is used to design it for the learning of the performance. The major motivation, changing learners' behavior and technology awareness has the prerequisites that are successful for an e-learning execution. Certain recommendations have been aids for the implementation of the system of e-learning that is adopted into the developing countries also that has relevance for some of the practitioners and researchers. Restrictions are quite possible for making adaptive directions for further exploring it for the countries. The review it is examining the macro factors that are used for influencing the uses of antidumping in developed and developing countries. It has been assumed that the panel data analysis has been collected of the 99 countries over the report of 1980-2000 that is reinforcing a view which has the primary jurisdiction for making the law more political statement than comparing to the economic. Later on, it is finding the WTO that is fully enforcing and to make use of an antidumping for spreading it within the developing countries that have the broad aspects and the ability to counter its uses against them. It might also lead to reverse trade profits and liberalizing it to ensure them. Thus the reports state and call the differential and the special treatment that is used in the developing countries of its provision. Later the findings that are based on the study have some of the future negotiations which can direct it towards it to revise and to safeguard the rules for replacing and to anti dump the new clauses.

Figure 7: Developed and developing country comparison

It is also reviewed that the payments for environmental services are becoming an innovative approach for conservation and that is used to apply it with the rise in the developed and the developing countries. (Rahman, et, al, 2022). However, it has to make certain efforts that are made systematically and are compared to the PES experiences and its some working ethics. It has to make the drawing related to the wealth for making the information presented to its synthesize and to respecting the certain design and to have environmental effectiveness, into the cost and into the design for bringing out the results of the report (Kumar, et, al, 2020). The PES program differs substantially from the aspects of one another. It is also reflecting the adoption of the basic concepts that are quite ecological, socioeconomic, or it can be institutional situations and it has some other that is reflecting the poor design that is used to make the mistakes which are used to accommodate the political pressure throughout the countries. One has to bring out the differences among the user finances that are related to the PES program and to involve it from the funding of the users that are used to provide the ES for the government finance programs to dung it for the third party. Also, the program based on user finances has to target better, and to closely tailor it for the local needs and conditions it can be monitored for confounding it to some of the government finance programs. One has to conclude by outlining certain perspectives for the developed and the developing countries that can make the PES programs cost-efficient and effective.

Under the developed and the developing countries, the qualitative approach for investigation has been employed at the level of the predominant. Nevertheless, it has been brought out that out of the 42 studies 21 are adopting the method of the qualitative investigation technique. Also in the literature of the developed countries the out of 17 the 14 resorts are the participant of observation, the qualitative interviews are focusing on the techniques. That has the methodological tendencies for demonstrating the light of the complexities with the statistical data handling. Furthermore, the study of street vending is concerning for some of the specific cities. It has the aspect that responds to the tendencies for implementing it to the factors of an inevitable impact of an experimental context of the dimensions. Although the ten cross-national and continental it has been conducted with the different developing countries that have to perform the continental approach for adopting the qualitative techniques that help in investigating certain techniques that are used for developing countries to perform the survey conduction don’t o quantify the report that is being studied. Later on, with the regards, it has been taken that the 13 of them in Asia, the 7 in Africa, and the 12 in Latin America are regarded as the developed countries (Zebra, et, al, 2021).

Chapter 3 - Research methodology

Understanding the Functions of a Highly Developed Economy

Although the not the precise thresholds avail for the economy that is to divide it under the developing or developed while considering the per capita or the GDP of the country that is most commonly used indicators and to determine as it is developed or developing (Marinko, et, al, 2021). Some scholars believe that the country's whose per capita GDP of $12,000 - $15,000 is sufficient for developed status, while others believe that a country's per capita GDP must be at least $30,000 or $25,000. In the year 2019, the United States has a GDP per annum of $65,111 US dollars.

An economist is to make use of the several indicators which are used to demonstrate the status of the development which is quite complex to identify. Also to follow the Standard-of-living indicators, like the country's life expectancy, IMR that is relevant, also it has no establishing bounds. An industrialized economy that has 10 infant deaths occurring/1,000 with the live births, and to population, that is living between the 75 years old.

Canada, western Europe involves the countries like the France and UK. are examples of developed economies.

Index of Human Progress

HDI factor investigates the three living standards—

Literacy rates,

Educational access,

Health-care access

That is used to convert data into a standardized figure ranging from 0 to 1 In most developed countries, the HDI exceeds 0.8.

According to the UN's annual HDI rankings, Norway is occurring to be the highest Human Development Index in the world, with a score of 0.954000. The United States came in 15^th with a 0.92 score. The HDI index placed Ireland, Hong Kong, Norway, Switzerland, Australia, and the Netherlands in first, second, and third places, respectively. Niger had the lowest human development index score out of 189 countries, with a score of 0.377.

Research methods of the Developing Economies

Countries that do not have the similar same level of economic industrialization, safety, with the increase of the developed countries that is to refer it with the "emerging countries," "least-developed countries," and "developing countries," respectively. The third-world country defines the outdated and derogatory when used to characterize a country (Nasrallah, 2022). “Proponents of globalization frequently say that it is assisting in the lifting of developing economies out of poverty and onto a road of greater living standards, higher incomes, and the use of contemporary technologies. The Asia-Pacific region has reaped most of these benefits. While globalization has not yet taken hold in all developing economies, it has demonstrated to benefit those that have. Globalization, on the other hand, has consequences that must be considered when foreign capital floods into a developing economy.

To achieve these goals,

UNESCO and the OAU will engage in official cooperation and collaboration agreements.

UNESCO to carry out research in Africa requires scientific manpower, and research's budgetary resources call for, in collaboration with the countries that are assisting, as requested by them within the company, scientific research planning, and implementation New national institutes are being established cited previously;

UNESCO, the ECA, and UN Agencies: Along with the, there are additional professional bodies member states from outside of Africa to work together through the African continent financial and technical assistance in the implementation of the Lagos Plan.

The model is designed to link entrepreneurship to economic growth while accounting for country-specific factors that could affect growth. For our investigation, we use a growth accounting model.

Ln(YitNit)=ln(Ait)+?1ln(KitNit)+?2ln(Hit)+?3ln(LitNit)lnYitNit=lnAit+?1lnKitNit+?2lnHit+?3lnLitNit\s -(1)

ln(Ait)=?0+?Eit+?it

ln(Ait)=?0+?Eit+?it -2

Time is represented by the letters I N and t. 1st period... ln (YitNit) lnYitNit represents the natural logarithm of real GDP per capita. It is a 3*(N*T) matrix of entrepreneurial indicators, with as the corresponding vector of coefficients. The numbers are coefficients, while the term is the error term. The natural logarithm of capital stock per capita is ln(KitNit)nitwit, the natural logarithm of employment per capita (i.e. the employment rate) is ln(LitNit)lnLitNit, and the natural logarithm of human capital is ln(Hit)ln(Hit).

The influence of entrepreneurship on economic growth can be calculated using Equation (1). Entrepreneurial activities, entrepreneurial goals, and entrepreneurial attitudes are three potential metrics of entrepreneurship, as previously mentioned. The panel of countries' economic growth is predicted to benefit from these entrepreneurial indicators. The impact of each measure, however, may not be equal. According to prior research, various indicators of entrepreneurial activity have varying effects on economic growth (Daccache, et, al, 2022).

In addition, as previously mentioned, a country's development status might influence the relationship between entrepreneurship and economic growth. The World Bank divides developing countries into two categories: high-income countries and middle- and low-income countries. One option is to re-estimate Equations (1) and (2) by separating the data into these two categories, yielding two additional sets of results that allow us to see if the influence of entrepreneurial activity differs across high-income and low-income countries.

This would act as a buffer against the possibility of endogeneity between our entrepreneurial and GDP measurements. Due to the inconsistent nature of our data, we are unable to include a lag in our analysis. As a result, while discussing our findings, we emphasize the existence of relationships between our variables and avoid addressing causal linkages.

This is done using Qualitative Comparative Analysis. It's a technique that uses a small number of cases to explain major social events succinctly. Although statistical findings for generalization are not provided by QCA. Crisp set QCA (CSQCA), fuzzy set QCA (FSQCA), and multi-value QCA are three different types of QCA methods (MVQCA). Because this method processes data by transforming independent and dependent variables into 0 or 1 according to a threshold, it will be used in this study. Setting a threshold and categorizing the independent variables that influence the happiness score of the countries included in this study into 0 and 1 is a convenient way to go. The CSQCA and TOSMANA programs will be used in this study.

Data collection method

Figure 8: Growth of data trends

The amount of time it took to collect data per unit and the number of errors it caused were significantly reduced when data was collected digitally (Cook, et, al, 2022). Based on the initial sample size of 238 respondents, the overall data collection time was estimated to be decreased by roughly 200 data collecting hours. Because many small-holder farmers in the sample population live on a shoestring budget, the less time they are taken away from their farms, the better; additionally, the shorter the interview time, the less likely it is to lose the respondents' attention – thus the time it took to complete the questionnaire per household was a critical factor (Tran, et, al, 2022).

The data collection methods are:  

• Individualizing,

• Universalizing,

• Variation-finding

• Encompassing

Figure 9: Developments of the countries in each factor

Figure 10: Data

Any irregularities or concerns that developed are to resolve while estimating the data collection of the several countries. This was followed by three days of training for four enumerators days. During the survey, the researcher is to swap an enumerator. data collection for the first week; review of the data work with to resolve any issues that arise. Uncertainties, contradictions, and misinterpretations are all possible outcomes (Rajput, 2022). After that, enumerators worked together in three places to collect data in the upcoming five weeks The data entering process then started cleaning, entry, and performance took about four weeks preliminary data validation; a two-week extension After that, it took weeks to put the dates together into a report. For analysis and final cleaning, use this format. 

Figure 11: Nature sources of developed countries

Chapter 4 - Discussions and Findings

It has a defect when being the developed countries. The developing world's economic catch-up in recent decades, also the expansion with the increase under the populous countries like the India and China, that defines the fact related to the current 65-year lag to its average benchmark countries that are corresponding to the period when a developed world is experiencing exceptionally high growth following WWII. Nonetheless, several developing countries have slower economic growth compared to Asian developed countries, resulting in the median time that lags in the GDP of the countries per capita of the 23 years such as 97 to 74 years for developing countries that is compared to the 38 years for a population-weighted score of the developing countries.

Figure 12: Report area of developing and developed country

Findings

Figure 13: Data

While detecting signs as per the 95 percent confidence breaks, with the population-weighting of the countries or to happen with the median values for the developing countries, the time lag is shown in an inverted scale that is to a developing world (Cui, et, al, 2022).

Figure 14: Graphical presentation

Time lagging into this has an inverted scale for the nations that are undeveloped by the World Bank income classes with the indicators like population-weighted without uncertain restrictions.

SDG areas' have the political, demographic, and economic indices for the developing countries. It has a population weight average value of the year as per the benchmark nations to correspond the value of Gross Domestic Product per capita into the developing countries in the year 2017 is the comparative value for benchmark countries (Bolis, et, al, 2021).

Discussion:

While most countries in east and south-east Asia failed to attain significant convergence, a few achieved. Globalization aided them much, but time lag data show that their economic success was preceded by a significant reduction in lags in life expectancy and education. Since the convergence in income and non-agricultural labor share began, such lags have stayed at a comparable level. Other countries stick to development rates that have been established in the past. Time lags have shown tight convergence, but substantial heterogeneity between indicators, as well as in time and space. There are, nevertheless, some recurring patterns. Except for small times of improvement, most indicators have shown significant consistency in time lag values over the world, continents, and their income groups, except for the brief periods of improvement. This shows that "escape" from a history that is complex: to change the mortality, education, and income in developing nations have mainly followed the historical pathways of affluent countries. When looking at the developing world as a whole, the only times of convergence might be linked to the spread of significant technological advances. For example, management of infectious and respiratory diseases was responsible for much higher than half of the increase of the life expectancy rate in Italy and England between the years 1871 and 1951.

Chapter 5 - Conclusion and Recommendations

Following the completion of the research, it was determined that both developed and developing countries have flourished, with developed countries growing as developed countries. The developing countries become the ones that pass with the first phase of development. When it comes to speaking for the developed countries, one discussed the post-industrial economies, which means to have the service sector accounts for the majority of their earnings.

Compared with the developing countries, the developed countries have a high Human Development Index. Earlier it has been established itself over all fronts and to become sovereign with its outcomes, whilst the latter is still attempting to do so. SMEs play a crucial role in economic development, regardless of whether the country is developed or developing. Promotion that is not only financially supported, but also strategically implemented, is critical for the long-term development of the SME sector. In the SME sector, financial aspects, human resources, marketing, research and development, technology, and corporate governance are all addressed through strategic implementation. The SME sector in industrialized countries can teach us a lot. The data shows that the SME sector in industrialized countries is not solely reliant on loans or technological innovation. They have implemented every available strategy for SMEs development. As a result, policymakers in developing and developing countries must focus on as many issues as possible.

Recommendations

1. To review the research and analyze the relative relevance of two shareholders groups that come under the developing countries, ICT specialists and faculty, on the many elements that determine the effectiveness of e-learning systems.

2. to make use of the AHP that is analytics hierarchy process and Delphi method.

3. Successful e-learning deployments require technical understanding, motivation, and a change in learners' behavior.

4. Emerging technologies are still in the early stages of development.

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