Quality Management and Person-Centred Care in Healthcare

BUS6004 Quality Management in a Care Setting

Quality Management in a Care Setting

Introduction

Quality management in a care setting is defined as the administration of various administrative designs, processes and policies that are required for optimising the caring of the patients with the desired outcome. This is crucial for improving the quality of healthcare and improving the quality of healthcare services for enhancing accountability and developing proper resource efficiency (Alfano et al., 2019). There will be a discussion of the team development theories for critically discussing the maintenance of the structure and designing to promote rights. The utilisation will be done of the use of continuous quality improvement tools for improving the quality of services for the users. Examples will be provided of Valley Care Residential Care homes with the explanation of the motivational theories that are required for achieving improved personal care and analysing the need for social service.

The home extension has been established in 2016 that is required for providing proper accommodation and providing a comfortable range of lifestyles that are required for stimulating the various activities of the coordinator. This includes gentle exercises, therapy, music, quizzes, entertainers and outings (Valley Lodge, 2022).

Question 1

With reference to specific team development theories of choice, critically discuss the role and performance of teams in maintaining systems and structures designed to promote rights, responsibilities and diversity of service users in healthcare practice.

Tuckman's team development model is essential for explaining the development and maturity in teams that are required for establishing an important relationship and changing the style of leadership. This is crucial for designing the various structures that are required for improving the engagement of the staff for providing quality services. According to Gren and Lindman (2020), forming is the stage that requires direction and guidance and making a proper agreement for the balance of the relationship. However, the individual roles and responsibilities could be unclear in this case. There has been a requirement of the positive structure of the team for making proper coordination and providing a positive effect on the structure of the team. Effective leadership and guidance would enable Valley Lodge residential care home, for example, to provide improved medical services. These are required for improving the quality of life by providing proper administration and medication for developing the dignity of the people (Valley Lodge, 2022). However, it is necessary for the leader to have a proper balance of the external objectives and clarity of objectives. Failing proper support would result in dissatisfaction among the employees and customers.

Storming is required for providing effective rights to the individuals by making proper group discussions. This group developmental process is crucial for developing proper maturity and improving the relationship among the members that are required for enhancing the effectiveness of performance. As commented by Gren and Lindman (2020), situational leadership is required in this stage for analysing the need for modification of the administration services for providing care to the people. This would enable Valley Lodge residential care, for instance, to provide improved services to disabled individuals and deliver specialist care services to the people suffering from Alzheimer's, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease and so on. However, there are chances of a lack of proper relationship and emotional issues due to the persisting uncertainties that are associated with the challenges at the workplace.

Norming is required for making the roles and responsibilities clear through the delegation of work among small teams that result in improved commitment of the members for providing diversified services. There would be the provision of social activities and team discussions that are required for developing strong and high performing teams. For example, the staff of Valley Lodge residential care has improved training that is required for respecting the wishes of the people and treating them with care and dignity (Valley Lodge, 2022). As commented by Reitzig (2019), the poor structure of the organisation results in lowering the morale and enthusiasm of the staff to work with improper commitment and delegation towards work. A negative effect would occur on the decision-making activities that are required for developing the quality of services that are provided by the organisation. For example, Valley Lodge cares home provide effective safety and security measures to individuals with the delivery of a comfortable and relaxing environment (Valley Lodge, 2022). Proper guidance is required in healthcare services for making profitable operations and safeguarding the rights along with the dignity of the people.

There could be better prioritising of the role of the staff and delivering improved services that are required for enhancing the flow of work in the various care services. As commented by Hildebrandt and Marr (2020), this model is beneficial for evaluating and characterising the various stages that are required for improving the performance of the team. Performing is required for increasing the strategic awareness among the members and focusing on autonomy for developing the achievement of the goal. For example, Valley Lodge provides improved options of services that are required for meeting the preferences of the customers and providing them with a comfortable environment (Valley Lodge, 2022). However, in a real scenario, it could be seen that the teams do not come out from the storming phase and the transition in the designing and structure could result in a stagnant culture of the care homes. There could be the presence of marked conflict along with competition that reduces the performance of working and often result in unproductive team activities. According to Parashakti et al. (2020), the support of the leaders would promote motivation and enthusiasm to the staff of the healthcare services for providing exceptional care to the patients. There would be an improvement in the quality of assistance for improving the psychological base of the individuals. Chances would be present for interpersonal and personal development of the staff of Valley Lodge Care Home for example to provide well-equipped and innovative services. According to Hossain (2021), adjourning is important and relevant for health care services for maintaining the well-being of the staff and reducing the level of insecurity that the individuals face. There would be the development of strong empathy that is required for developing the positive attribute of the employees and maintaining routine life with the availability of improved care services.

Belbin Team role theory is the diversified model that is required for diversification of the mix of behaviour that is required for the development of successful teams. Improvement of the job role for becoming the complete representation and understanding the strengths and weaknesses and developing feedback that is required for improving the job role of the staff. As stated by Bao (2019), there has been the requirement of becoming an investigator that is required for exploring various opportunities that are required for developing the enthusiasm and the interest of the workers while providing proper health care services. There has been the requirement of improved behaviour for understanding the diversification of the groups and individual reports that are required for developing the functioning of the organisation. It is necessary for the staff for developing proper perspective and diplomatic behaviour that are required for completing the role of teamwork and enhancing the provision of services (Valley Lodge, 2022). There has been a requirement of versatility for improving the team working ability and enhancing the identification of proper work. However, indecisive decisions could result in mishandling of work that could affect the maintenance of a congenial culture of working.

Improved performance of the teams is required for improving the reliability, functionality and output of jobs that are forms cost-effective measures and improve the objectivity along with the reliability of the services that are provided. It is necessary for the individual to become a coordinator that is crucial for making effective distribution of responsibilities among the team members. However, as commented by Aboramadan et al. (2020), the leader could be manipulative and there could be improper sharing of work that could result in hurting the morale of the staff and make the working culture less flexible with poor interaction. The plant is an essential role that helps the individuals to make the culture creative and improved problem-solving ability. There is the requirement of creative and open-minded behaviour of the staff for developing the problem-solving ability and enhancing the ability to solve problems. Absent-minded behaviour could result in missing opportunities and improper utilisation of the resources that could harm the productivity and process of delivery of services due to poor decision-making strategies. For example, Valley Lodge provides various stimulating activities that are required for improving lifestyle choices and providing them with a safe and secured environment for a living (Valley Lodge, 2022).

There has been a careful selection of the staff that are required for maintaining dignity and improving the satisfactory measures that are required for maintaining the dignity of the people. They love and care for the needs of the people due to the cooperative efforts of the staff for providing friendly culture and lifestyle. There should be the provision of the proper logical eye that are required for providing impartial judgement and inspiring the people of the organisation to provide improved services. According to Sinsky et al. (2020), effective teams in the healthcare organisation are required for increasing professional satisfaction, improving peer support and clinical outcome that are required for preserving the rights of the individuals. It is necessary for the leaders to have improved strategic management and judgement ability that is required for making an accurate judgement of the individuals and inspire the people to improve their productivity. Shaper is an important role that helps in driving the need of the team and maintaining improved momentum and focus. According to Bao (2019), there would be an improvement in the ability of the team to understand the team dynamics and improve the designing of the organisation that is required for developing the quality of services. It is crucial for overcoming challenges and making improved provocation that is required for maintenance of the system in the healthcare services.

On the contrary, as commented by Tufano (2020), there are chances of aggressive behaviour and bad humour on the part of the workers who are providing services that could harm the reputation of the people and offend them. It is, therefore, advisable for the individual to work effectively and thrive under pressure for developing commitment among the members of Valley Lodge residential care for providing proper service to the individuals. There is the provision of training and development programmes provided for nurturing the skills and providing improved services that are essential for respecting the wishes of the people. It is necessary to be an implementer for planning the working strategies and taking reliable and practical decisions that are required for improving the relationship between the staff and the management and providing improved quality healthcare services. These are required for providing flexibility and organising the ideas while making flexible culture of working with innovation and creativity.

The Belbin theory could be implemented by Valley Lodge care centre for providing proper collaboration and maintaining improved internal communication that is required for developing the leadership qualities. Multifunctional teams would help in understanding the needs of the people to whom they are providing care. However, care should be taken for the maintenance of proper balance that is required for correlation of the profile of the teams that are required for making improved performance.

Question 2

Critically appraise the use of two Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) tools used in managing quality care and improving outcomes for service users (outcome-based care).

Continuous Quality Improvement is considered a process that helps in improving the population's health. Quality improvement tools help in mobilising resources and implementing health care delivery. The CQI tools are relevant in the case of a quality management process that encourages all health care members to promote care services and better quality. The addition of the quality care and improvement tools that are associated with the healthcare setup involves Pareto Diagrams and the Control Charts.

Pareto diagrams

The Pareto diagram that is associated with the health care setup generally translates information about the quality problems giving a better analysis. Quality experts often conduct this tool to refer to the problem that follows this principle as the rule, and it has been determined that the 80% of the issues are caused by 20% of the potential sources. In the context of this CQI tool, there is a consideration of a diagram that puts relevant data in a hierarchical order that allows the problems to be mitigated at the first level (Mddi, 2022). There is a greater analysis that mainly identifies and evaluate non-conformities and also summarises all the data systemically. In order to create a Pareto diagram, the operator mainly collects random data, regroups the categories and also creates a bar graph representation based on the results.

Control Charts

The control chart as a CQI tool mainly displays the upper and the lower limits of a process on average that is shown statistically by retrieving raw data from the earlier trials. In the case of CQI analysis in the healthcare setup, this tool is established based on statistical principles and distribution. The central line of the control chart mainly represents the estimated process means and also the critical limits that are indicated over time. A blank control chart with mean UCL (upper control limit) and the LCL(lower control limit) of an approved process and data points are added that are statistically calculated from the raw data.

Concerning the CQI tools that are associated with healthcare management, it has been determined from the Valley Lodge Residential Care that the CQI are very much relevant to promote better health care services (Mddi, 2022). Nursing services that are associated with this Valley Lodge Residential Care depicts the sustainable health care services that lead to improvement in the services (Valley lodge, 2022). For example, the nursing care services that are provided in a 24-hour manner tends to provide greater services and relevant facilities that involve support with specialised care from the nurses. Valley lodge care used to provide this type of accommodation that lead to creating better access to health care aspects, issues and community services. In the matter of the CQI process, it has been intended that the quality management system be utilised to encourage all types of health care team members to improve the daily work process.

For the health care system, CQI has been considered as the most useful factor in the case of meeting the needs of the caregivers, patients, service providers and also leads to defining the care at the health system (Dcfs, 2022). One of the important contributions of CQI is an enhanced and simplified process for daily work process that is related to health care services. In the context of the health care setup, the utilisation of the CQI tools helps in delivering sustainable improvements, not in the quality, experience, but also implements a greater outcome of care. In contrast to that, the poor quality of care is intended as the drawback that implicates the higher mortality rates (Ncbi, 2022). CQI processes that are associated with the health facility determines the developed health facility services at the quality level and tend to impose greater sustainability in the work process.

Figure 1: Overview of CQI framework in healthcare management

(Source: NCBI, 2022)

In the context of the Ncbi, (2022), the out-based care and quality care in this particular framework mainly intend about the primary health care services that as a result supports and extend the integration of CQI efforts in two dimensions, one is implemented in a horizontal way and another in a vertical way. In the case of the vertical integration, there is an association of the CQI process at all levels comprising from the community engagement and also implements patient’s care to state or in the national level at all health systems.

There is consideration of the social and the cultural determinants of health that involves connections to spirituality, culture, housing, education, employment and other aspects that impacts health. In the context of McCalman et al. (2018), it has been determined that the CQI tools that are integrated into the healthcare management system, there is the determination of four key elements that mainly involves; incorporation of efficient health care service, qualitative or quantitative data on intervention, report to the client, and lastly aiming for effective delivery of care. The CQI is the philosophy that leads to encourages the health care services to impose a greater improvement in the patient and encompasses desired outcomes for future development. CQI tools that are associated with the health care setup creates continuous monitoring of the progress by an adaptive and real-time feedback loop. An effective CQI strategy tends to create a formal model for Quality Improvement that leads to creating better coordination of the work process.

Figure 2: Dynamics of CQI from current state to future development in health care services

(Source: Healthhit.gov, 2022).

It has been determined that the CQI that has been implemented in the care service helps in creating a better quality in the population health and also incorporates reduced cost in the work process. On the contrary, the aspect of lower and underdeveloped care management services in the service users and the healthcare, facility leads to enhanced sustainability (Healthhit.gov, 2022). CQI tools that are associated with the care services defines the potential results and greater system of management. In the context of CQI, there has been developed health care services thus imposing a positive impact on the health care processes. There has been the implementation of a greater strategic aspect that matters in the case of the quality care process.

Question 3

With reference to a relevant motivation theory, critically analyse the need for social care organisations and teams to achieve person-centred care for service users.

There could be reference taken of the motivational theory of Maslow for making an evaluation of the need for improved social care and services that are required for achieving person-centred care and services. For example, Valley Lodge residential care provides special ingredients, snacks, regular drinks and person-centred medical facilities like opticians, chiropodists and provision of medication facilities on regular basis (Valley Lodge, 2022). These are required for meeting the individualised needs of the diversified group of people who are taking services. As commented by Hopper (2020), implementation is made of the physiological needs of Maslow that are required for maintaining the proper functioning of the body. The important function of the health care service providers is to provide proper compassion, coordinated care and coordinated services that are required for developing the strengths of the organisation and support independent living. The improper accomplishment of the basic survival needs could result in the threatening of the survival of the individuals. For example, Valley Lodge has an in-house kitchen for providing meals and catering to the regular drinks and the specific needs of the individuals for progressing in life (Valley Lodge, 2022).

After meeting the basic physiological needs it is required for an organisation to be able to provide safety and security that are required for providing financial and emotional security and developing the morale of the person. This is the specialised type of activity that is required for developing person-centred social care by Valley Lodge home care. The garden area is safe and there has been the provision of CCTV in the common area for providing security to the residents (Valley Lodge, 2022). According to Koev et al. (2019), these are required for maintaining social stability and improving the emotional needs of the candidates for providing effective service. There is a requirement of the provision of inter-personal communication for developing the knowledge of disciplinary care and accordingly providing proper ethical insights that are required for developing the value and the sense of belongingness of the individuals. However, according to Belete (2018), there are cultural differences that prevent the staff of an organisation to provide improved services. This is because there has been improper insight of services that are required for taking into account the modification of attitude of the individuals.

The third level of the motivational hierarchy of needs includes the development of an emotional and interpersonal relationship that is required for understanding the need for social connection and team bonding. However, improper ethical behaviour leads corrupted culture and environment unhealthy for providing proper health and social care services. There has been a role of values for helping the service providers to tackle the problems of the residents of the Valley lodge for example. As stated by Hopper (2020), esteem needs are important for understanding the independence, achievement and dignity of the individuals that are required for developing the prospects of self and personalised care. Self-actualisation forms the highest domain where there is the realisation of the personal growth and experiences for serving the needs of the community. Valley Lodge cares home, for example, provide entertainment, outings and quizzes that are required for refreshing the minds of the people and allowing them to pursue happy living. Opportunities are provided for understanding the spiritual needs of the staff and making proper administration of the that are required for uplifting the morale of the people (Valley Lodge, 2022).

Social care is important for providing proper love and care that are required for providing proper expertise are resources that are crucial for understanding the dignity and control of the people. There has been increased efficiency of the team members who are working cooperatively for meeting the diversified needs of the individuals and enhancing their standard of living. According to Mamurov et al. (2020), there has been the provision of personalised care and medication facilities that are required for forming integrated service and analysing the effect of training for health and mental well-being. However, there are certain barriers to language and financial constraints that sometimes result in miscommunication and improper utilisation of the resources. On the contrary, insufficient training and an inadequate ratio of staffing could cause a problem for the service providers of health care services for accomplishing the needs of the people. Person-care support is important for Valley Lodge care home for example to improve the skill, knowledge and confidence for managing work effectively and make the improved decision for safeguarding health.

There has been the implementation of Maslow's hierarchy of needs for understanding the need for motivation and maintenance of proper security and hygiene for developing the ability of the individuals for developing their quality of living. It is necessary for the organisation to respect the needs of the person taking service and treat them with dignity that is required for maintaining the confidentiality of the business. There has been the provision of the homely environment that is needed for catering to the improved living of the residents of Valley Lodge care home for example (Valley Lodge, 2022). Opportunities are provided for self-care and independence by the organisation for developing their self-esteem and helping them to feel loved and valued. There would be the betterment of living with comfortable bedrooms and lounges. According to Favez et al. (2019), it is necessary for the health care organisation to provide a family-centred and improved relationship that is required for focusing on developing the goal and experiences of the person leading to self-actualisation.

There is the requirement for maintenance of confidentiality in implementing the various types of motivational strategies that are required for creating confidence among the individuals. This would help them in better recovery and coordinating proper care for controlling anxiety, stress and confusion. Lack of proper home care facilities lower the recovery rate of the patients who are suffering from disabilities (World Health Organization, 2020). There has been a relation between the ability of the individuals to handle stress and improved support. The friendly and happy environment of Valley Lodge would help in achieving the personal needs of the people and provide improved services that are required for self-development. It promotes long-term development that is required for addressing the interest and enthusiasm of the learners towards perceiving health. However improper planning and recreational strategies could result in hurting the sentiment of the people. However, according to Stiglitz (2020), there are chances of improper diagnosis of the needs of the person that are required for maintaining a healthy life with proper prosperity of growth. There is a need to maintain proper empathy and communication with the residents of the care home for discussing the problem and supporting the professional development of the individuals. Effective emotional intelligence would help in the formation of effective opinion and the introduction of improved strategies that are required for satisfying the diversified need of the people.

Conclusion

There has been a depiction of the Tuckman and the Belbin theory of team development that are required for developing coordination among the members of the organisation. This would lead to the development of high performing teams with improved leadership strategies essential for the service providers of the Valley Lodge to expand the quality of care services that are provided by the organisation. However, sometimes it is difficult to overcome the phase of storming that results in conflict in the organisational designing and planning and disrupt the responsibilities of the individuals. There has been the implementation of Maslow's motivational theory for understanding the need for support for providing personalised care and improving the quality of living. However, issues of shortage of resources, staff along improper medical practitioners could arise as the result of the diversified culture. The overview of the CQI framework has been made for supporting the importance of guidelines and policies in maintaining healthcare.

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