Cloud Computing Coursework

Cloud computing provide storing, manipulating, accessing data and computing services in virtual memory over the internet. Cloud computing isolate the physical memory of your system and device. help of cloud computing authorized user can access files and information any time anywhere owns cloud storage. Cloud computer provide data to user from remote server. The main aim to cloud computing provide access to many users to data centers.

The cloud computing interconnect device and internet. With increase storge of devices are not flexible because device storage is fixed, user cannot increase and decrease size of storage according to requirements, so people give the priority of cloud computing. Clod computing are strong supportable for Its organization and companies. Cloud computing provide less charge of maintained for an organization.

Cloud computing provide better processing system such as TPU, CPU, than traditional.it faster and depend internet connection of active user. generally, we use popular services like Google Mail, Hotmail, Yahoo Mail etc.

When any active user accessing our information from cloud, data stored on cloud server not own computer. Generally, cloud services depend on HTTP, XML, PHP, or other technologies and programming languages.

Benefit of Cloud Computing: -

Increase better performance of process
Software easily updates
Easily can Backup and recover
Easily Increased Data Capacity

Following are example of cloud computing services:

Azure, Digital Ocean, Google Cloud, Amazon Web Server etc. (Guru99.com, 2021)

Evolution of Cloud Computing: -

Cloud computing service idea came in since 1950s this is beginning of cloud computing, that was the time of mainframe computer. Users taught the techniques how to design the server where all the information files and databases are saved and how to fetch data from server. This technique beneficial for economically feasible for the cloud user.

Distributed System:

In distributed system multiple independent system are connected to single central system. The main aim to distributed system share resources. But distributed system has major problem, all the system are should be present same geographical location. Generally, this type of problem solved day by day such types of techniques cluster, grid computing, data-mining, data-ware house distributed into data mart and cluster computing.

Figure 1: Evolution of cloud computing

(Source: - www.geeksforgeeks.org)

Mainframe computing:

Mainframes first came since 1951, this is highly powerful machine. The mainframe computing handle large data. Today’s Era bulk of processing tasks are implementing that time multiprocessing needed, mainframe computing has the capabilities of the loaded large amount of data, but these are expensive.

Cluster Computing:

in 1980, cluster computing came and eliminate the problem in mainframe computer. High bandwidth data are dividing into cluster and assign to network. But cluster computing was having geographical restrictions. This type of problem solved by grid computing.

Grid Computing:

Since 1990s, grid computing came. grid computer has major benefit to an organization like different system were placed different location and connected to central system via internet. (www.geeksforgeeks.org, 2021)

P2 Cloud computing architecture

Cloud computer architecture generally divided two parts. First part is the front-end and the second part is back-end. The front end is the Graphical User interface where the end user can connect to the server and the backend are implementing location of cloud this can be manages by the host of organization.

Following are the part of cloud computing

Front End:

The front end is the part of client where client connect to the server, generally front end makes for client so that the end -user can understand functionality of the server. Help of this front-end interface the end-user accesses the cloud computing easily without any problem. Example – Browser and application built by the company itself.

Back End:

The backend is maintained by the authority’s organization the manages large amount of information. Such as Virtual Machines, Server, System etc.

Component of Cloud Computing:

Figure 2: Cloud Computing Architecture

(Source: - data-flair. Training)

Hypervisor: Virtual Machine Monitor known as Hypervisor. This contains software, hardware. This provides a virtual operating system same as own system operating system.

Management software have the different types of activities of manage the virtual system. A lot of strategies are applied virtual system for manage software this can help increase the performance of the virtual system.

Deployment Software Cloud deployment such as SaaS, Pass, and IaaS. In the Deployment software, need to some configuration and installation according to software deployment.

(www. data-flair. training, 2021)

M1 Migration to a Cloud Computing solution

Cloud migration contain needs of an organization such as moving data, application to cloud computing .one data of an application moving one cloud to another cloud this process knows cloud migration. Where information, data, application go to cloud and moved to back local center. In traditional computing system back is mandatory, and for backup needs to extra storage and resources, if the no backups storage place, then can lead to permanent data loss, buy extra resources very expensive. Every company has different implementation moving data and workload to the cloud. How much data are moved from local to server? And how to migrate that data and application. Major aim to every application contains the personal enterprise data mart in Datawarehouse. Every application leaves the enterprise data center.

Cloud computing provides better approach for business organization for access and operate cloud computing anywhere any time around the world.

Example: - a lot of organization apply and implement migration process for an application, they lead the data of an application from their local server to center server for public cloud. Many User access resource of a computer via internet, the strategies of an could migration tell us private cloud give the information every user secure way. And the hybrid cloud contains the both type of cloud private and public, data are transferred both side end-to end encryption IaaS option are provider of more than one public cloud in business uses. (www.searchcloudcomputing.techtarget.com, 2021)

LO2 Technological drivers of Cloud Computing

P3 Cloud Computing Deployment Models:

Cloud computing deployment model provides how the cloud services helpful for users. Following are deployment model associate cloud computing.

Public cloud according to name assign public cloud is the type of cloud where all users create own account and use resources of cloud computing such as hardware contain the Operating System and CPU, Memory, Storage or software such as application of a server and database management, these are providing basis of a subscription a user. Electronic mail is major example of public cloud where user sharing file, information.
Private cloud according to name assign private cloud is the type of one single organization allowed. This type of infrastructure used by the single organization. This type of cloud very expensive rather than public cloud. Private cloud is better for security purpose.
Hybrid cloud this type of cloud interconnected private and public cloud infrastructure. Example an online website needs more resources run this type of an application. It is private for information and provide services for public.
Community Cloud this type of cloud supports multiple organization sharing resources and information each other and working a part of services. example of a Community Cloud police department, research organization etc.

Some of the organization generally choose the private cloud for own secure professional mission and for publics uses of user. With the public cloud cost low and most of the user uses this type of services and private cloud use for professional of an organization. (www.sciencedirect.com, 2021)

P4 Compare the service models an adequate model

Three types of cloud computing services such as (SaaS= Software as Service), and PaSS (Platform as a Service) and IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service).

Following are basic understanding and evaluating: -

IaaS	PaaS	SaaS
Cloud bases service	Platform as a service	Software as a service
Example: - storage, networking, virtualization.	Hardware software tools, provide by internet	Software provides by third party
It provides high data storage on the server	It provides optimal solutions for the business	Number of collaborations each other
It provides sensitive data	It provides security externally	It is TCP connection-oriented protocol. Example TCP
Highly scalable, it permits too much charge for flexibility	It gives high database configuration setting	It gives suitability to the mobile users

In pass infrastructure developer do not need developed configuration from scratch a lot of tools help us for deploy of an application so that developer saved more consume time writing code and configuration. It is accessible for all the multiple users can access. Managing app secure updates testing, deploying are easy and flexible for developer. Example of a PaSS, Amazon web Service (AWS) offers about 100 cloud computing service example one of them EC2, RDS, a nd S3.

In SaaS no need installation of third party run software application own computer, everything available this service, user create an account via internet create profile and get lot of service of SaaS. It is nay time anywhere but internet connection is mandatory. (www.bigcommerce.com, 2021)

LO3 Develop Cloud Computing

P5: Configure a Cloud Computing platform with AWS service Provider

Following required steps for configure Amazon Web Server with Ubuntu Operating System Machine.

At first create AWS account submitting personal details and Debit/Credit card detail, Aws give 700 hours free use running own server on ubuntu machine. After register in AWS Login

Figure 3 login AWS Account

Step 1 :Initiate Instance launch at first select AMI, stands for Amazone Machine Image. Select EC2 Service in among the AWS services.

Figure 4 First Step EC2 Select

if you want to create new instance select Instances New Button, in this section configure Elastic IP and can check running instance that can be used by EC2 resoucrces . this section contain key pairs for connecting machine to our terminal help of ssh command.

Figure 5 create instance

After create instance click the Launch Instance button for Launching the Machine.

Figure 6Launching Instance

Choose an Amazon Machine Image, this machine contains Linux CentOS distribution .it have hardware configuration CPU, Memory SSD. AMI contain the software needed for implement such as web-server such as Linux, Apache, and you Web-application. Time of selection of machine its mandatory you can select manager parameter that indicate to AMI ID.

Select the Quick start in free tier in the left panel.
AWS Marketplace is tab where you can buy new software

Figure 7 AMI Machine

Step 2 : Choose Free tier Machine and click the Next configuration Details.

Figure 8 Select Free tier Machine

Step 3: in this step configure instance details, can change advanced details to see settings of configuration such types of configuration such as Network, Subnet, Number of instances, Auto Assign public ID, etc.

Figure 9 Instance Configuration

Step 4: Add Storage: in this step AMI contain selected storage according to requirements of machine of a user. Add storage button help for expend the volume of storage and configure this. After click the ADD Tags.

Figure 10 Add storage

Step 5: Add tags: add tag button provide instance tag and volume. In this section Add another tag for more resources

Figure 11 Add Tags

Step 6: Configure Security Group: in this section provide firewall rules for an instance such as SSH, HTTPS, ALL TCP, HTTP, select security group and click the Review button and Launch the Machine.

Figure 12 Review & Launch

At first download the key-pair for click the download Key Pair button.

Figure 13 Download Key Pair

Figure 14 Launch Status

Putty Key Generator is mandatory for .ppk file so that user can connect machine to any FTP software .

Figure 15 Putty key generator

Save as private key for future use. Putty generator is an interface for creating private key. Help of this private Key user can SSH terminal to FTP Software. (https://docs.aws.amazon.com, 2021)

Figure 16 PPK file Generator

AMI Machine Ready to implementation

Figure 17 Cloud centos terminal

Figure 18 password change

Figure 19 Logged into ROOT user

P 6 Implement a cloud platform using open-source tools.

in this section help of Apache Cloud Stack, implement open-source tool. If we want own cloud platform then Open-Source tool is better choice because it is open-source tool and easy to implement. Apache cloud stack contain the complete functionality for implementation of cloud platform. following command help for configure Apache Cloud Stack.

Step 1: At first update the exits centos repository.

Figure 20 update yum

Step2: in this step install net-tools for DHCP configure

Figure 21 DHCP Configure

Step3: after access the network-scripts file before access this file give permission for changing this file.

For permission “chmod 777 *” So that we can configure some changes of network-scripts files.

Figure 22 Network configure file

For changes Network-Scripts file we use win sip FTP software for access this type of file. access centos machine.

Hostname = Public IP Address
Port Number = By default File transfer Port Number 22
User Name= ec2-user
Password = ****
Click the advanced button and upload the PPK Password, PPK file generate from PPM file help of Putty Generator.
Click the Log-in Button.

Figure 23 Access Centos File

Following are CENTOS configuration file at first go to /etc/

/etc/

Figure 24 Configuration File

Select Network-scripts file

Figure 25 Config network file

Figure 26 sysconfig file

After open the file updated following configuration

Figure 27 Update the ifcfg-eth0 file

Figure 28 More update ifcfg-eth0

After some changes run the following command, sudo systemctl restart. Service

Figure 29 Restart Network

Check the host name: hostname –fqdn

Figure 30 Hostname

Enable the network:

Figure 31 Enable network

Configure Apache server Mysql before madatory download all the reposity used for install specfic software . follwing command used to Mysql Repositry.

Figure 32 Download the Repository

Figure 33 Installation Mysql

Yum install Mysql server command for install of Mysql server. Following are show Mysql installation process

Figure 34 install Mysql

Install the Mysql connector for system using following command yum-y install Mysql-connector-python

Figure 35 Mysql-Connector

Install the cloud stack management help of this command “yum -y install cloudstack management” type before this command all above configuration are mandatory.

Figure 36 installation of cloud stack

If you want to use java for cloud stack then type alternatives –config java command type on terminal after the complete configuration of a cloud stack management.

After the next step # cloudstack-setup databases cloud: password@IPADDRESS –deploy-as-root.

After last command type on termina is mandatory for restart the cloud setup.

Issues Cloud service Provider

1 Portability: - this provides implementation single code run different cloud interface but facing some issues taking to some configuration for development.

Performance issues: - unwanted location datacentre compromises the application
Security application: - on cloud we create base machine but server manager manages this machine it can be security issue for organization and user.
Network issue: if the machine working time internet connection too slow it become idle of time for user. (http://docs.cloudstack.apache.org/, 2021)

LO4 technical challenges and assess their risks of cloud applications

In January 2018, held annual cloud survey according to this survey professionals asks question to cloud organization about this infrastructure. Thus, Challenges questions:

Security – 29 % security issues generate.
Managing cloud spend- 21 % managing issues generate
Lack of resources/ expertise-27% Lack of expertise. Major challenges for company lack of resources and expertise nd organization provide more work load. if the all the need of expertise continues to grow
Compliance -25% compliance
Managing multiple clouds -22 % managing issues of an infrastructure. in this type of problem companies integrated public and private cloud just example Alibaba and Amazon leading the way.
Performance – 14 % Performer issues
Building private cloud – 20% private cloud issues generate. Build a private cloud is a top priority the major role this type private solutions carefully addressed.
Compliance: this type of issues anyone want to backup services but there is major problem every day company move to data from internal storage to Cloud storage.
Performance: - business of cloud depend on service provider if the provider is down that time you are also down. Its major fault of Performance issues. This before some years ago big cloud players have experienced outages. It should check by the provider the right process should have right place. SAAS provider does monitoring of real time such types of issues.
Segmented usage: it has robust cloud strategy, instead ad-hoc strategy is better choice when they started move to cloud. (www.datapine.com, 2021)

P7 Cloud computing common problem:

DISTRIBUTED DENIAL SERVICES ISSUE- it contains the breach attack against to cloud platform. Todays’ ERA DDOS attacks have increasing day-by-day.

SHARED CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES: it does not mean same cloud computing and cloud hoisting services; both have different approach. security credentials between the clients and users and application and resources and system.

DATA LOSS AND INADEQUATE DATA BACKUP

It contains the synchronizing problem. allowing unauthorized access generally file is saved from of encryption. inappropriate credentials lead to data loss.

P8 Assess the most common security issues in cloud environments

According to cloud security report 90 percent of organization concerned about public cloud. Following security concern:

Data Breaches: according to report entire data breaching was three same to occur for business.
Hijacking of Accounts: attackers access login information via unauthorized access from data stored on cloud. methods of hijacking contain ‘scripting bugs’, ‘reused password’.in April 2010 Amazon targeted by cross site scripting bug.
Insider Threat: inside threat means organization have insider threat does exits. Organization of employee misuse and access information such as customer accounts details and personal details, fetch the sensitive information. We can say both “Inside Track on insider Threats”.
Malware injection: malware injections contain embedded code and scripts these run on SAAS to cloud servers.
Abuse of Cloud Service: enterprise host large amounts of data the problem, capacity has also allowed both a hackers and attackers
Insecure API: application programming interface help of API users cloud access cloud experience. API infrastructure increase better service communicate different types of cloud application interconnect to central cloud. (www.imperva.com, 2021)

Conclusion:

Todays Era of treading new technologies and beginning new field in computer science. cloud computing plays major role one of them all technologies, this provides resources for organization users and students. anyone buys new machine and create own infrastructure rather than purchase physically new machine. Help of this service anyone can used own application from cloud anytime anywhere but should have internet connection. The cloud service very cheap than compare to build the new infrastructure. So, most of the organization companies and user of personal use focused on cloud computing service. Cloud computing better use for backup and recovery in physical machine can be destroyed in real life but cloud avoid this type of limitation. Cloud computing service eliminate security issues for high demand users and organization. In future it will be become most useful technologies.

References

2021. [online] Available at: <https://www.imperva.com/blog/top-10-cloud-security-concerns/https://www.imperva.com/blog/top-10-cloud-security-concerns/> [Accessed 3 February 2021].

BI Blog | Data Visualization & Analytics Blog | datapine. 2021. Cloud Computing Risks, Challenges & Problems Businesses Are Facing. [online] Available at: <https://www.datapine.com/blog/cloud-computing-risks-and-challenges/> [Accessed 3 February 2021].

DataFlair. 2021. Cloud Computing Architecture - Components & Saas, PaaS, IaaS - DataFlair. [online] Available at: <https://data-flair.training/blogs/cloud-computing-architecture/> [Accessed 1 February 2021].

Docs.aws.amazon.com. 2021. Install software packages on an Amazon Linux instance - Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud. [online] Available at: <https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/install-software.html> [Accessed 3 February 2021].

GeeksforGeeks. 2021. Evolution of Cloud Computing - GeeksforGeeks. [online] Available at: <https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/evolution-of-cloud-computing/> [Accessed 1 February 2021].

Guru99.com. 2021. Cloud Computing Tutorial for Beginners: What is & Architecture. [online] Available at: <https://www.guru99.com/cloud-computing-for-beginners.html> [Accessed 1 February 2021].

Hou, T., 2021. IaaS vs PaaS vs SaaS: What You Need to Know + Examples (2018). [online] The BigCommerce Blog. Available at: <https://www.bigcommerce.com/blog/saas-vs-paas-vs-iaas> [Accessed 1 February 2021].

Sciencedirect.com. 2021. Cloud Deployment Model - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics. [online] Available at: <https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/cloud-deployment-model> [Accessed 1 February 2021].

SearchCloudComputing. 2021. What Is Cloud Migration? An Introduction to Moving to the Cloud. [online] Available at: <https://searchcloudcomputing.techtarget.com/definition/cloud-migration> [Accessed 1 February 2021].