Which phrase describes one type of freshwater wetland?

Which phrase describes one type of freshwater wetland?

1. Acidic areas found in northern climates

2. Reservoirs created by dams at the end of rivers

3. Areas of high elevation that feed into river systems

4. Small streams that flow into larger streams and wetlands

Answer: 1. Acidic areas found in northern climates

Freshwater wetlands are waterlogged ecosystems, both permanently and seasonally, and are home to a variety of plant and animal life. One type of freshwater wetland is the bog, characteristic of northern areas. A bog is an acidic, nutrient-poor location, generally occurring in cold areas where water accumulates and flows slowly. This condition occurs due to a buildup of sphagnum moss and other decaying organic matter, which decomposes slowly under wet conditions. A bog provides a characteristic habitat for adapted plant species such as carnivorous plants, mosses, and some species of shrubs, and wildlife tolerant of acids and poor nutrient conditions. Compared to reservoirs or artificial water bodies, bogs are naturally occurring and provide a critical service of supporting biodiversity, moderating water flow, and carbon storage, for which they are an important type of freshwater wetland.